11 Commission Report Omissions and Distortions Chapter twelve and thirteen Book Summary Essay Example

The 9/11 Commission Report Omissions and Distortions Chapter twelve and thirteen Book Summary Essay Example The 9/11 Commission Report Omissions and Distortions Chapter twelve and thirteen Book Summary Paper The 9/11 Commission Report Omissions and Distortions Chapter twelve and thirteen Book Summary Paper The 9/11 Commission Report Omissions and Distortions Chapter twelve and thirteen Book Summary Chapter 12 For some time the commissions report of Flight 11J F has been a core issue of contention as people try to determine what or who was responsible for the success of the terror attack on American soil and its people in September 11. On one account, the commission argued that the American military forces were not to blame. They faced challenges in their operations and actions such as inadequate prior experience with such a situation, the confusion that ensued after and during the attack and more so, poor communication has also been mentioned as a major contributor to their slow reaction. However, despite the commissions assertion, a closer look highlights a number of loopholes and delays within the response structure and the teams or groups of individuals involved which could have been avoided and eliminated changing the outcome of the day completely. The first hurdle and obstacle to the swift response was that the FAA personnel broke protocol and procedures by failing to alert the proper authorities and the military in this case of a flight that is not communicating and moreover has changed its course of direction. The plane was non responsive to directives from the tower to climb, and even though it was uncommon and vital that the planes signal and radio contact was off. The staff still took no immediate action to deal with the situation as an emergency and instead informed other airlines to try make contact with their flight as they worked on moving planes out of the path of Flight 11 J F. The commission in the defense of the FAA and their actions says at the time the lack of communication was mainly driven by the fact that the staff saw no immediate of impending danger and assumed all was well. But later upon getting intelligible and accurate information from one of the communication transmissions on the flight confirming a hi jacking, the personnel took action choosing to inform their supervisors who thereafter took charge alerting their chain of command as protocol dictated. The issue raised in regards to this action is that, as they waited for a confirmation that there was a threat aboard the plane, none of those involved thought it necessary to inform the military so that preventative action could be take. Their lack of urgency by the FAA personnel therefore led to delays in the military response and overall led to the poorly coordinated efforts, which ultimately allowed the attacks to proceed unimpeded further supporting the commissions argument that the military were not to blame. The FAA management was not required to follow the procedure they took as they had direct access and communication links to the military an aspect ignored by the commission in their assessment of their role in the attack. Another weakness in the commissions report was their explanation of why the military opted to scramble support from an alert center so far away from the city while there was one within the proximity of the attack which would have made action faster and more efficient. The respondents while being questioned also left doubt in the commissions ability to stay impartial and honest for instance having respondents give different accounts of the ordeal in their statements claiming a fault with their memories. There were incidences of coaching and coercion further diminishing the commissions viability as a neutral, dependable and trustworthy investigative body. From the accounts of the day from the commissions perspective a number of inconsistencies are uncovered many of which are in their contradictory statements about the chain of command protocols utilized on that day by the FAA, the claim that there were no fighters within the center that was closest to the city, the claim that the fighters needed permission under such circumstances to assemble and act and the sluggish response from the military taking longer that is deemed necessary and plausible. Moreover, the commission was inactive and inconsistent with their search for the truth and evidence eliminating suspicion that the military did not do all it could as it failed to follow up and assess the legitimacy of claims, presumptions and coincidences. Chapter 13 The inconsistencies in the commissions report do not end with Flight 11 but proceed to the Flight 175 which hit the south tower. There were concerns in the fact that the time frames given by NORAD. Through revisionism historians are able to provide different accounts of what is presented to the public as true showing differences previously ignored or assumed as insignificant or need to know. It is a method recognized when used for the right intent as providing more accurate results and outcomes. Amongst its advantages is that it assesses all evidence available unabashedly and moreover, it ensures to provide evidence through comparison of prior reports thus proving its stance rather than disputing aimlessly. The revisionist account in this case is more realistic as it is more supported by actual facts than the original first account report and also more than the currently existing revisionist developments developed over the recent years. From this approach it becomes evident that the commission only supported and promoted the theories promoted by the original theorists and discards all other evidence and concerns holistically or bends it to suit the outcome desired. The chapter does not however assess the legitimacy of the commissions claims but focuses on the success or failure of any and all attempts the involved parties made to alter the results and deliver fallacies through omission and distortion. The commission in this case is accused of being but a tool and platform the military successfully adopted to rid itself of all blame, suspicion, and responsibility of the attacks. In the case of Flight 175, the commission defended the military for their slow response claiming though assembled in prime time, they were delayed by the fact that their target location had not been communicated and thus they were delayed by the wait for direction ad a directive from their senior officer. The critics argument is that though this may have been true, the commission should have provided substantive explanation and factual evidence to explain this lack or failure in communication. Furthermore, reports indicate that even with the lack of timely information on their target direction, the fighter planes had sufficient time to get to the Flight 175 before it hit the south tower at the time of their receiving the coordinates. The statements of the fighter pilots, NORAD and the commission are all contradictory in explaining the failure to perform as was necessary and expected the commission opting to alter a previous statement to state their arrival to the scene was only after the south tower had already been hit. The commission in light of its mandate to find and stand by the truth opted to desert the previous statements as falsehoods without any explanation and instead supported the military account of things. The different narrations from various groups the commission disputes and asks the public and the critics to believe their account as the gospel truth all the while neglecting to provide any evidence or facts to support their claims on time, response and respondents and some major loopholes in the different reports provided throughout the investigations. The revisionists also argue that the commissions argument that the Flight 175 did not change course nor did the transponder fail to communicate is misguided and untrue as the FAA personnel should then have been able to track the plane and therefore no need to report it hijacked. The gaps are many and the commission is vague in all attempts if any to explain why any of the events took place as they define in their account. From all accou nts, the questions and doubts as to the viability and accuracy of the commission report was brought forth and the skepticism from historians and other critics is still a reality. The commissions insistence on absolving the military of any blame inevitable paints a vivid picture of the FAAs incompetence in managing the situation and in alerting the military so as to take appropriate and immediate action. However, from the evidence provided by the revisionists and critics, the commissions bias is obvious and their lack of neutrality outright.

Converting Text to Numbers Using VBA in Excel

Converting Text to Numbers Using VBA in Excel Question: How do I convert cells filled with character numbers to numeric values so I can use the values in Excel math formulas. I recently had to add a column of numbers in Excel that were copied and pasted from a table in a web page. Because the numbers are represented by text in the web page (that is, the number 10 is actually Hex 3130), a Sum function for the column simply results in a zero value. You can find a lot of web pages (including Microsoft pages) that simply give you advice that doesnt work. For example, this page ... http://support.microsoft.com/kb/291047 ... gives you seven methods. The only one that actually works is to retype the value manually. (Gee, thanks, Microsoft. I never would have thought of that.) The most common solution I found on other pages is to Copy the cells and then use Paste Special to paste the Value. That doesnt work either. (Tested on Excel 2003 and Excel 2007.) The Microsoft page provides a VBA Macro to do the job (Method 6): Sub Enter_Values()   Ã‚  Ã‚  For Each xCell In Selection   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  xCell.Value xCell.Value   Ã‚  Ã‚  Next xCell End Sub It doesnt work either, but all you have to do is make one change and it does work: For Each xCell In Selection   Ã‚  Ã‚  xCell.Value CDec(xCell.Value) Next xCell Its not rocket science. I cant understand why so many pages have it wrong.

Fat vs Thin Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Fat vs Thin - Essay Example The adjective form of the word is of interest here. Fat can be looked at as the state of being well stocked and having plenty to spare. Abundance is a pre requisite of being fat in whatever way. If one is physically fat, then the body has to be plump with a lot of flabby tissue, signifying abundance. A more polite way of referring o such a person would be saying that one is obese or overweight. When referring to anything else as fat, the idea behind it would be portraying the object as being well filled and rich in quality and tone. Anything that is fat possesses the character of being impressive and substantial. Whereas referring to someone as fat can be looked at as negative and often demeaning; the exact opposite meaning is obtained if and when talking about lifeless objects and phenomena (Altman 26). Thin is a word that can also be categorized as an adverb, noun or adjective depending on its use and position in a sentence. The most important definition to us would be the adjective form of the word. The word thin is descriptive in nature and is used to describe entities, be they alive or lifeless. Thin means being in a poor and inadequate state. It is often used to describe matter that is sparsely placed and poorly concentrated. Insufficiency is usually the underlying causative phenomenon in as far as being thin is concerned. It informs the absence of fullness and resonance. Human beings and animals can also be defined as thin. Thin in this sense would mean that one is slender or lean in stature and form (Altman 69). Thin is majorly used to describe one’s embodiment. Whereas thin can generally be viewed as a negative phenomenon, there are instances when it defines positivity. When a person is referred to as thin for instance, the assumption is that the person is both lean and in shape. Fat is the opposite of thin and vice versa. No matter how you look at it regardless of what informs your decision, something or someone cannot be

The Nuer Tribe Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

The Nuer Tribe - Essay Example Central Sudan, where the capital Khartoum is located, is the urban region where most of the population resides. Speaking 300 different languages, the different tribes have a history of infighting since time immemorial. Famine and the almost incessant fighting between the tribes have always been catalysts for the social and economic deterioration of Sudan (Sharp 147). The main ethnic tribes are the Dinka (12%), Nuba (8%), Beja (6%), Nuer (5%) and Azande (3%) (Lye 294). Probably the most important of these is the Nuer tribe not only because its habitat, the swamps of Sudd, might contain vast oil deposits that is currently being explored by Chevron Oil Company (Luciani 88) but it is 'the largest political segment of a people defined by a common language and a sense of common identity" and "the tribe was the largest population who not only claims a common territory but acknowledge the right of their members to compensation for injury" (Bhushan & Malik 106). southern Sudan in the region called the Sudd, which is a Nile-fed swamp as large as the US state of Maine. The Nuer tribe habitat is therefore the flood-plains of the White Nile and its tributaries and extends southwards to Abyssinia (Wellcome Tropical Research Laboratories 325). The Nuer habitat is about 500 kilometers south of Khartoum. The Nuer tri The Nuer tribe is part of the 3 major Nilotic tribes in southern Sudan, the other two being the Dinka and the Shilluk tribes, which physically bear resemblance to each other but each speak different languages and has its own customs and traditions. As a people, the Nuer tribe is divided into clans that in the 1930 census were identified to have numbered to 17 clans with a total population of 247,000 and which are scattered throughout southern Sudan in their own villages. Each clan averages about 14,529 Nuers in the 1930 census which had grown to 35,351 Nuers per clan in the 1955 census (Kelly 161). Recent years have placed the Nuer population at 1.5 million. The different Nuer clans are predatory and are very successful in their belligerent activities because albeit scattered, they are unified, manifesting capacity to unite on a large scale and to organize swift large-scale raids. The Nuer internal unity and its organizational skills are impressive unlike its main warfare victim, th e Dinka tribe groups which are "politically autonomous and do not unite in warfare or for any other purpose". A chink in the Nuer unity and kinship however shows, when a few Nuer clans i.e. the Jagei, the Western Jikany and Eastern Jikany oftentimes clash not only with the Dinka enemy but also with fellow Nuer clans (Kelly 160). The Nuer clans always fight for territorial expansion and this expansionism and predisposition to territorial appropriation had been rooted in the Nuer sociocultural system (Kelly 226). Since early times, the Nuer tribes

Reflection on Engineering Work

Reflection on Engineering Work PROFESSIONAL ENGINEER Summary Statement These are the competency Units and Elements. These elements must be addressed in the Summary Statement (see Section C). If you are applying for assessment as a Professional Engineer, you will need to download this page, complete it and lodge it with your application. Competency Element A brief summary of how you have applied the element Paragraph number in the career episode(s) where the element is addressed PE1 KNOWLEDGE AND SKILL BASE PE1.1 Comprehensive, theory-based understanding of the underpinning natural and physical sciences and the engineering fundamentals applicable to the engineering discipline Theoretical knowledge gained from studying Renewable Energy Resources , Mechanics of Materials and Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning was used in the projects. CE 1.2, 2.1, 2.2 PE1.2 Conceptual understanding of the mathematics, numerical analysis, statistics and computer and information sciences which underpin the engineering discipline I used different mathematical equations for the designing of Parabolic Trough. Heating and Cooling load for the Air Conditioning were calculated using load calculation equations. CAMEL software was used to optimize the load and analyze and compare it with manual calculations. CE 1.15, 1.16, 1.17, 1.18, 1.19, 3.8, 3.11, 3.12, 3.21 PE1.3 In-depth understanding of specialist bodies of knowledge within the engineering discipline Knowledge gained in Finite Element Methods and analysis software ANSYS helped to analyze the drop table. CE 2.1, 2.2, 2.10 PE1.4 Discernment of knowledge development and research directions within the engineering discipline Sequential switching of energy resources from traditional fossil fuels to renewable energy resources is seeming eminent. Parabolic Trough is the future of energy sector in energy deficient countries, like Pakistan. CE 1.1, 1.2,1.21 PE1.5 Knowledge of contextual factors impacting the engineering discipline Being aware of the side effects some of fossil fuels have on the environment, helped us to use the environmental friendly Solar power to generate electricity. It reduces the carbon foot print and hence, guarantees a greener and healthier future. CE 1.2, 1.21 PE1.6 Understanding of the scope, principles, norms, accountabilities and bounds of contemporary engineering practice in the specific discipline Being project leader the responsibility laid on my shoulders to ensure successful timely completion of the project. For this I employed Primavera and Microsoft Project software to finish the project within given timeline. CE 1.8, 2.7, 3.5, 3.7 PE2 ENGINEERING APPLICATION ABILITY PE2.1 Application of established engineering methods to complex engineering problem solving Working on renewable energy project incited students and industrialists to use this energy source to power their needs. And I visited them to help them design the projects. CE 1.21 PE2.2 Fluent application of engineering techniques, tools and resources I used the VRV system instead of the Central Air Conditioning as it is more energy efficient and gives more control. I used CAMEL to analyze the manual load calculations and suggest changings in the structure of building. ANSYS was used to analyze the drop table for the drop test. CE 2.2, 2.10, 3.4, 3.21, 3.22 PE2.3 Application of systematic engineering synthesis and design processes In each project I followed the engineering design process i.e. Defined the problem, searched for solution and picked a solution and developed it (Solar Power Plant). At the end, I prepared the report for each project including all experiments in systematic order. CE 1.21 PE2.4 Application of systematic approaches to the conduct and management of engineering projects I used my management skills and software i.e. Primavera and Microsoft Project to keep track of the progress and finish it within given time. CE 1.7, 1.8, 2.7, 3.5, 3.7 PE3 PROFESSIONAL AND PERSONAL ATTRIBUTES PE3.1 Ethical conduct and professional accountability Before the start of each project I made sure that my team follows the predefined guide lines to ensure professional and ethical conduct. Safety talks before every critical activity helped to achieve this goal. CE 1.8, 1.9, 1.20, 2.14 PE3.2 Effective oral and written communication in professional and lay domains I presented my Final Year Project (Solar Trough) in front of project supervisor, Chairman of Mechanical Engineering department and an external examiner. CE 1.21 PE3.3 Creative innovative and proactive demeanour Used economical techniques to select the Concentrated Solar Power technology, which need small absorbing surfaces and large reflective surfaces. Absorbing materials are more expensive than the reflective surfaces. CE 1.10 PE3.4 Professional use and management of information I kept record of all the meetings by writing minutes of meetings at the end of each meeting. Prepared the project reports using all the experimental and theoretical knowledge. CE 1.5,1.8,1.9,2.7,3.5,3.7 PE3.5 Orderly management of self, and professional conduct My leadership skills and professional attitude during my final year project helped me to be leader in next two projects as well. Leading project teams more than once groomed my leadership skills and helped to enhance my professional conduct. CE 1.7, 2.1, 3.5 PE3.6 Effective team membership and team leadership My leadership in the projects was effective enough to finish the projects well in time and in good team spirit. I inspired my team members to work through difficult situations and solve issues without being stressed out. CE 3.5, 2.11,

Character Analysis The marriage of Gabriel Essay

Kate and Julia Morkin, together with their niece, Mary Jane, hold the annual party in the spirit of Christmas and invite their favorite nephew, Gabriel Conroy and his wife, Gretta. When Gabriel and Gretta arrive together, his two aunts welcome them with warmth. The couple then tries to relax and enjoy the party at the same time. During the party, he encounters some awkward confrontations. He engages in small talk with the housemaid Lily to which she retorts. He also endures dancing with a fellow teacher, Miss Ivors. The couple decides to spend the night at a nearby hotel and travel back home the next day instead of going home directly after the event. As expected, many guests have come over and enjoyed dancing and chatting over drinks. The always drunk Freddy Malins also shows up in the party and ends up being sobered by Mr. Brownie, another guest who was previously too busy flirting with young girls. Gabriel decides to leave the two gentlemen in each other’s company so they would not do any more mischievous deeds in the party. The party goes on with Mary Jane playing the piano while the guests keep on dancing. Julia even sang a song for the guests who really enjoyed her performance. After the said performances, dinner is served with Gabriel sitting at the head of the table to do the goose carving. After eating, he then makes his speech, praising the hospitality of Kate, Julia, and Mary Jane. He praised such hospitality as a remarkable Irish strength since being hospitable, during that time, is becoming undervalued. During his speech, he also reminds the guests that is highly important not to dwell too much on the past and the dead. He adds that everyone should enjoy and live in the present with those people who are still alive. After his speech, the guests applaud him and raise a toast. As the party begins to come to an end, Gabriel notices Gretta listening intensely to the sound of the famous tenor, Bartell D’Arcy. The sight causes him to be engulfed in a sudden rush of sentimental feeling and lust. However, in their hotel room later that evening, he discovers that he has misinterpreted the feelings of Gretta. While listening to the song earlier, his wife has been stirred by memories left by an old love, Michael Furey, who died for the sake of his love for her. Devastated, Gabriel is overcome with the realization that his wife has never had the same passion that he felt for her and their marriage. The story ends with Gabriel contemplating the life he had. He realizes how human he is, and at the same time, how spiritually connected he is with other people. Character Analysis The marriage of Gabriel and his wife is suffering from paralysis. This paralysis is a result of Gabriel’s denial and lack of interest on Irishmen encounter and his admiration to English. At the same time, the character of Gabriel in The Dead suffers from paralysis and love frustration. He dwells on his own revelation without suppressing or rejecting it, and can place himself in a greater perspective. In the final scene of the story, when he intensely contemplates the meaning of his life, Gabriel has a vision not only of his own boring life but of his role as a human. Gabriel’s character in The Dead represents many characters from earlier stories in Dubliners. He is short tempered, has great social consciousness and ends up frustrated in love. Gabriel has different identities as perceived by people around him. To his aunts, he is one great man in their family—a loving, cheerful, and responsible fellow. This can be seen on the part when dinner was served and Gabriel did the carving of the goose. Towards the other female characters such as Lily, Ms. Ivors, and even to his own wife Gretta, he is a big disappointment; he tries to make a connection with them but fails to do so. He ends up in awkward situations like offending Lily about her love life. On the hand, Ms. Ivors was also down about her conversation with Gabriel about the cycling tour. Finally, Gretta demonstrates fondness and tenderness to him but he takes superiority over her, making it hard for him to adjust to the world around him.

What is human resource management and should it be an...

Human Resources managers are the most important features of any business especially in an economy where there is an increasing shift towards service based industry. Price (1997) for example argues that HRM account for a great proportion of many business costs and it is the people that drive business. Through the key components of HRM such as recruitment and selection, training and developments, the essay will argue on the importance of HRM in organizations and how it contribute to organizational strategy. According to Beardwell (2007), in the previous years, there have been increasingly rapid advances in the field of HRM. The management of people within organizations has moved from the sideline to central stage. This has enabled†¦show more content†¦HRM therefore involves finding out about the needs and aspirations of individuals. According to storey (1995:5) HRM is a â€Å"distinctive approach to employment management which seeks to achieve completive advantage thought the strategic deployment of a highly and capable workforce using an integrated array of culture, structural and personal techniques.† Consequently, strategic management has become important in the current years. Snell, Youndt and Wright (1996) classified that the strategic role of HRM is to achieve competitive advantage through people. In other words, strategic leadership is about the achievement of sustained comparative advantage over the competition. Tyson (1995) on the other hand outlines that typically, strategic HRM focus on the integration of HR with the business and its environment. Observing critically of the importance of strategic HRM, It is very important for any organization to have strategic management in order to achieve their strategic objectives. Holbeche (2001) state that strategic HRM involves linking HRM strategy with strategic goals in order to improve business performance and developing organizational cultures that foster innovation flexibility. In his major study of strategic management, he concluded that HR activities such as recruitment, selection, training and rewarding personnel are done by keeping in view the companys goals and objectives. Moving on to HRMShow MoreRelatedâ€Å"Critically Assess the View That Human Resource Management Practices Should Be Designed to Fit the Business Strategies and Objectives†Ã¢â‚¬Æ'1310 Words   |  6 Pagesassess the view that human resource management practices should be designed to fit the business strategies and objectives†Ã¢â‚¬Æ' Dynamism is increasingly becoming a feature of the business environment, so what can businesses do to attain and sustain a competitive advantage? 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